Although declared inactive nearly 20 years ago, the DLA spec remains alive in use.
During your selection of conformal coating, you ran into a specification that you have seen before but not fully understood. Conformal coating choices are vast, but with so many available, how does a user pick the correct one? Are there minimum standards that define what a conformal coating is supposed to do?
Thankfully, yes there are. Here we focus on one such standard: MIL-I-46058C.
The official title for the specification is MIL-I-46058C, “Insulating Compound (for Coating Printed Circuit Assemblies).” The standard serves as a material standard, used to evaluate and document that a particular coating meets a list of specific performance attributes (more on those later). MIL-I-46058C was developed to define a uniform set of test methods and performance requirements for conformal coatings and gives users confidence the material they select will perform.
MIL-I-46058C is managed by the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA). DLA manages the standard and maintains the associated Qualified Products List (QPL). For a coating to be placed on (and stay on) the QPL, it must be tested annually by a DLA-certified laboratory. The data are reviewed annually by DLA to ensure each coating proposed for inclusion on the QPL still meets the requirements of the standard. The latest version of the Qualified Products List is available from dscc.dla.mil.
MIL-I-46058C evaluates conformal coatings to an extensive list of properties. The tests are:
- Curing time and temperature: Coating must meet the requirements of the standard when cured, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Appearance: When cured per manufacturer’s instructions, coating should be smooth, homogenous, transparent, free of bubbles, pinholes, etc.
- Coating thickness: The recommended coating thickness shall be 1-3 mils for acrylic, urethane and epoxy coatings; 2-8 mils for silicone coatings; and 0.5-0.7 mils for parylene coatings.
- Fungus resistance: The coating cannot support the growth of fungus.
- Insulation resistance: The average insulation resistance of all coated specimens shall be a minimum of 2.5 x 1012 ohms, with no specimens having a measured value below 1.5 x 1012 ohms.
- Dielectric withstanding voltage (DWV): Coated specimens subjected to 1500 VAC for 1 min. shall exhibit no disruptive electrical discharge (spark over, flashover or breakdown). The measured leakage current shall not exceed 10 microamperes.
- Q (Resonance): The resonance values for the coating, measured before and after immersion in DI water, must not change beyond specified limits.
- Thermal shock: Coating materials are subjected to 50 cycles of thermal shock. After thermal shock, coating must meet the appearance and DWV requirements.
- Moisture resistance: The insulation resistance of the coating is measured under high temperature and humidity and must meet minimum specified values. After temperature/humidity exposure, the coating must meet the appearance, insulation resistance and DWV requirements.
- Flexibility: Coating is applied to a test substrate, cured per manufacturer’s instructions and bent 180° over a 0.0125" diameter mandrel. There shall be no evidence of cracking, crazing or adhesion loss of the coating.
- Hydrolytic stability: Coated specimens are subjected to four 28-day exposure of 85°C/90% RH. After this exposure, the coating can show no evidence of softening, chalking, blistering, cracking, tackiness, adhesion loss or reversion to liquid state. The coating must also remain transparent enough to view nomenclature and color codes used to identify the components over which the coating is applied.
- Flame resistance: Coating shall be self-extinguishing and non-burning when subjected to a flame test.
- Shelf life: Coating must meet appearance, insulation resistance and DWV when tested after storage for six months at 25°C.
MIL-I-46058C was declared “inactive” in November 1998. This deactivation meant the standard was “inactive for new designs, except for replacement purposes.” This certainly does not mean MIL-I-46058C disappeared from the landscape. Today, MIL-I-46058C persists for coating users and specifiers due to its requirement for independent third-party certification and remains the only published conformal coating standard with an associated QPL.
Caution! As a user, you have many choices of conformal coatings. Many materials claim to “meet the requirements” of MIL-I-46058C. These coatings have probably not been fully tested to the rigorous standard required to obtain and maintain MIL-I-46058C qualification. Treat these coatings with caution: “meets” does not mean “is” on the QPL. There is only one way to verify this and that’s through the DLA.
Jeff Sargeant is director of R&D at Humiseal (humiseal.com); This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
